INTERNATIONAL LAW: ESSENTIAL ASPECT

Andrii KUCHUK, Oksana LEHKA

KUCHUK A., LEHKA O. (2023), INTERNATIONAL LAW: ESSENTIAL ASPECT,
Scientific Bulletin of Dnipropetrovsk State University of Internal Affairs, №3, 20-26

DOI: 10.31733/2078-3566-2023-3-20-26

 

ABSTRACT. The urgency of the study is determined by the necessity to cover those provisions that condition the essential aspect of international law and require a detailed and systematic study. It is indicated that the issue of determining the nature of international law involves the study of the following provisions: sovereignty and equality of states; sources of international law; subjects of international law; instrumental aspect (international law aims to regulate the behavior of states and other subjects of international relations, which is achieved through the establishment of principles and norms setting permissible behavior and establishing the duties and rights of subjects); solution of international disputes; and dynamic nature of international law. It is emphasized that a clear understanding of the specified aspects is the basis of the perception of international law and its essence.

It is noted that the contractual nature of international law presupposes that international relations are regulated on the basis of concluded treaties. This provision is one of the fundamental ones in international law, conditioning the way of interaction of subjects of international relations in the global context. On the basis of contracts, obligations, rights and responsibilities of the participants of this contract are assumed. In general, the contractual nature of international law reflects the dynamics of relations between states, providing a means to resolve conflicts and jointly define standards of behavior in the global community. States have the right to determine their own policies and to decide whether to participate in treaties. They can freely choose which obligations to take on.

Bringing state officials to international responsibility may have the following challenges: problems of establishing a specific official; problems of gathering evidence; jurisdictional problem; political aspect and cooperation; duration of the process. It is summarized that there are a number of provisions, the consideration of which is the basis of the international law essence cognition, allows to understand the nature of international law. Within the framework of social reality in Ukraine, the issue of studying the contractual nature of international law, the principle of sovereign equality of states, and international responsibility requires special attention. Understanding of these provisions is the basis for an adequate perception of certain aspects of the international law essence.

Keywords: sources of international law, European Court of Human Rights, Convention on the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, international law, international responsibility, subjects of international law, sovereignty.

    References:

  1. Balanchuk I. Petytsiia do NATO pro zakryttia neba nad Ukrainoiu zibrala milion holosiv [A petition to NATO to close the sky over Ukraine has gathered a million votes]. URL: https://www.pravda.com.ua/news/2022/03/4/7328068/. [in Ukr.].
  2. Zaiava MZS Ukrainy shchodo oholoshennia pershykh vyrokiv osobam, vynnym u zbytti litaka Malaiziiskykh avialinii reisu MN17 [Statement of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Ukraine regarding the announcement of the first sentences for the persons responsible for the downing of Malaysia Airlines flight MH17]. URL: https://mfa.gov.ua/news/zayava-mzs-ukrayini-shchodo-ogoloshennya-pershih-virokiv osobam-vinnim-u-zbitti-litaka-malajzijskih-avialinij-rejsu-mn17. [in Ukr.].
  3. Kuchuk, A. M. (2016) Dzherela prava: mizhnarodnyi i teoretyko-pravovyi aspekty [Sources of law: international and theoretical-legal aspects]. Almanakh mizhnarodnoho prava. № 14, pp. 23–30. [in Ukr.].
  4. Kuchuk, A. M. (2015) Zabezpechennia realizatsii norm prava (natsionalnyi i mizhnarodnyi aspekty) pravovyi dyskurs [Ensuring the implementation of legal norms (national and international aspects) legal discourse]. Almanakh mizhnarodnoho prava. № 9, pp. 14–20. [in Ukr.].
  5. Kuchuk, A. M., Perepolkin, S. M. (2015) Pryntsypy prava yak katehoriia vnutrishnoderzhavnoho y mizhnarodnoho prava [Principles of law as a category of domestic and international law]. Pravo i suspilstvo. № 3. Ch. 3. S. 22–26. [in Ukr.].
  6. Lekhnyk, N. L. (2004) Mizhnarodno-pravova pryroda odnostoronnoho zoboviazannia derzhavy [The international legal nature of a unilateral state obligation]. Naukovi zapysky NaUKMA. Vol. 26, pp. 60–63. [in Ukr.].
  7. Moroziuk, R. (2017) Vidpovidalnist derzhav u mizhnarodnomu pravi [Responsibility of states in international law]. Pidpryiemnytstvo, hospodarstvo i pravo. № 11, pp. 249–251. [in Ukr.].
  8. Repetskyi, V. (2012) Sotsialna tsinnist mizhnarodnoho prava [Social value of international law]. Visnyk Lvivskoho universytetu. Seriia : Mizhnarodni vidnosyny. Issue 30, pp. 169–174. [in Ukr.].
  9. Rishennia Konstytutsiinoho Sudu Ukrainy u spravi za konstytutsiinym podanniam Upovnovazhenoho Verkhovnoi Rady Ukrainy z prav liudyny shchodo vidpovidnosti Konstytutsii Ukrainy (konstytutsiinosti) polozhen chastyny piatoi statti 21 Zakonu Ukrainy «Pro svobodu sovisti ta relihiini orhanizatsii» (sprava pro zavchasne spovishchennia pro provedennia publichnykh bohosluzhin, relihiinykh obriadiv, tseremonii ta protsesii) vid 8 veresnia 2016 roku № 6-rp/2016 [Decision of the Constitutional Court of Ukraine in the case on the constitutional submission of the Commissioner for Human Rights of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine regarding the compliance with the Constitution of Ukraine (constitutionality) of the provisions of the fifth part of Article 21 of the Law of Ukraine “On Freedom of Conscience and Religious Organizations” (the case of early notification of public religious services, religious rites, ceremonies and processions) dated September 8, 2016 No. 6-рп/2016]. URL: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/v006p710-16#Text [in Ukr.].
  10. Statut Orhanizatsii Obiednanykh Natsii [Charter of the United Nations]. URL: https://unic.un.org/aroundworld/unics/common/documents/publications/uncharter/UN%20Charter_Ukrai nian.pdf [in Ukr.].
  11. Chaikovskyi, Yu. V. (2009) Stanovlennia mizhnarodnoho prava: filosofsko-pravove doslidzhennia [Formation of international law: a philosophical and legal study] : avtoref. dys. … kand. yuryd. nauk : 12.00.12. Odesa, 18 p. [in Ukr.].
Views: 42